1. Concept of Destiny – Qadr in Islam
Qadr is the concept of Destiny. Certain aspects of human life is predestined by our creator Almighty Allah for e.g. where and when will a person be born. The Surround and condition in which he will be born, how long will he live and where will he die.
2. Logical concept for differences in different Individuals.
In Hinduism the differences in two individual at birth e.g. one child is healthy while the other is handicapped, one child is born in a rich family and the other in a poor family is based on past karma i.e. actions of the previous life. There is no scientific or logical proof of the cycle of Rebirths. The Islamic concept for these differences in different Individual is given in Surah Mulk, Chapter 67, Verse 2
“He who created Death and life, that He may try which of you is best in deed; And He is the Exalted In Might; oft-forgiving”.
This life that we live is the test for the hereafter.
3. Present Conditions in Islam is a test
There are several Verses in the Qur’an which clearly specify that Our Creator Almighty Allah tests us in several different ways
a. It is mentioned in the Qur’an.
Surah Baqarah, Chapter 2, Verse 214
“Or do ye think that ye shall enter the Garden (of Bliss) without such (trials) as came to those who passed away before you?
They encountered suffering and adversity, And were so shaken in Spirit that even the messenger and those of faith who were with him cried. “When (will come) the help of Allah” Ah! Verily, the help of Allah is (always) near!”
b. It is mentioned in the Qur’an
Surah Ankabut, Chapter 29, Verse 2
“Do men think that they will be left a lone on saying, “we believe”, And that they will not be tested?”
c. It is mentioned in the Qur’an
Surah Anbiya, Chapter 21, Verse 35
“Every Soul shall have a taste of death. And we test you by evil and by good by way of trial to us must ye return.”
d. It is mentioned in the Qur’an
Surah Baqarah, Chapter 2, Verse 155
“Be sure we shall test you with something of fear and hunger, some loss in goods or lives or the fruits (of your tail), but give Glad tidings to those who patiently persevere.”
e. It is mentioned in the Qur’an
Surah Anfal, Chapter 8, Verse 28
“And know ye that your possession and your progeny are but a trial; And it is Allah with whom lies your highest reward”.
II Life after Death in Hinduism
1. Concept of Rebirths in Hinduism-Reincarnation or Transmigration of the souls.
Hinduism believe in the cycle of birth, death and Rebirth, which is called as samsara. Samsara or the doctrine of Rebirth is also called as the theory of Reincarnation or the transmigration of the Soul and is considered to be the basic tenet of Hinduism. According to doctrine of Rebirth the difference found between one individual and the other even at birth like one child is healthy the other is handicapped or blind is due to their part karma i.e. actions done in the past birth. Similarly all actions may not bear fruit in this life, thus there has to be another life.
a. Its mentioned in Bhagavad Geeta in Chapter 2, Verse 22
“As a person puts on new garments, giving up old ones the Soul similarly accepts new material bodies, giving up the old and useless.”
b. The doctrine of Rebirth in also described in Brhadaranyaka Upanishad, Part 4 Chapter 4, Verse 3
“As a caterpillar which has wriggled to the top of a blade of grass draws itself over to a new blade, so does the Soul, after it has put aside its body draw itself over to a new existence.
2. Karma – the law of Cause and Effect
Karma means act, action or activity and refers not only to action undertaken by the body but also to those undertaken by the mind Karma is actually action and reaction or the law of cause and effect. It is explained by the saying,
“As we sow so shall we reap”
A Farmer cannot sow wheat and expect Rice. Similarly every good thought word or deed begets a similar reaction which affects our next life and every unkind thought harsh word and evil deed comes back to harm us in this life or in the next life.
3. Dharma – righteous duties
Dharma means what is right or Righteous duties. This includes what is right for the individual, family, the class or cast and also for the universe itself in order to achieve good Karma life should be lived according to Dharma, otherwise its will result in bad Karma. Dharma besides affecting the present life can also affect the future.
4. Moksha – liberation from the cycle of Rebirth
Moksha means liberation from the cycle of Rebirth i.e. Samsara. The ultimate aim of every Hindu is that one-day the cycle of Rebirth will be over and he will not have to reborn again. This can only happen if there is no Karma to cause an individual to reborn i.e. it looses its good and bad Karma.
5. Rebirth not mentioned in the Vedas
The Doctrine of rebirth is not mentioned anywhere in the Vedas. There is no concept of transmigration of the Souls.
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